Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a cutting-edge reproductive technology used during the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process to assess embryos for genetic abnormalities before they are transferred to the uterus.
PGT enables the selection of embryos that are free from specific genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, or aneuploidies, increasing the likelihood of a successful pregnancy and reducing the risk of genetic diseases in offspring.
Preimplantation Genetic
Testing (PGT)
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a cutting-edge reproductive technology used during the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process to assess embryos for genetic abnormalities before they are transferred to the uterus.
PGT enables the selection of embryos that are free from specific genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, or aneuploidies, increasing the likelihood of a successful pregnancy and reducing the risk of genetic diseases in offspring.
Preimplantation Genetic
Testing (PGT)
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a cutting-edge reproductive technology used during the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process to assess embryos for genetic abnormalities before they are transferred to the uterus.
PGT enables the selection of embryos that are free from specific genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, or aneuploidies, increasing the likelihood of a successful pregnancy and reducing the risk of genetic diseases in offspring.
When is PGT recommended?
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) may be recommended in various scenarios to individuals or couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. Here are some common situations in which PGT may be recommended:
Women of advanced maternal age (typically 35 years or older) have an increased risk of producing eggs with chromosomal abnormalities, leading to higher rates of miscarriage and genetic disorders in offspring. PGT-A may be recommended to screen embryos for aneuploidy and select chromosomally normal embryos for transfer, thereby improving the chances of a successful pregnancy.
Couples who have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss (multiple miscarriages) may undergo PGT to identify embryos with chromosomal abnormalities or genetic factors contributing to miscarriage. PGT-A or PGT-M may be recommended depending on the specific circumstances
Couples with severe male factor infertility, such as low sperm count, poor sperm motility, or abnormal sperm morphology, may opt for PGT to reduce the risk of transmitting genetic abnormalities or chromosomal defects to offspring. PGT-A may be recommended to select embryos with the best chance of implantation and pregnancy
Couples with known genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, Huntington's disease, or chromosomal rearrangements, may choose to undergo PGT-M or PGT-SR to identify embryos free from the specific genetic mutation or chromosomal abnormality. PGT allows for the selection of unaffected embryos for transfer, reducing the risk of passing on genetic disorders to offspring.
Couples who have undergone multiple unsuccessful IVF cycles or experienced recurrent implantation failure may consider PGT to identify potential reasons for treatment failure. PGT-A can help identify embryos with chromosomal abnormalities that may have contributed to implantation failure or miscarriage, guiding future treatment decisions.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
IVF Treatment first starts with a correct assessment of the couple’s fertility.
Based on the results of important infertility tests, doctor creates a treatment plan. Once IVF is selected as the treatment option, Doctor as well as your counsellor will set out some pre- treatment fitness plan for you based on your weight, thyroid and other conditions.
The IVF procedure starts with preparation of eggs, before retrieval. Once eggs and sperm are available, they are fertilized together in the laboratory and monitored, before transferring back into the female uterus. Depending on the test results, doctor may add more treatment steps like ICSI, PGT etc.
IVF Process Step by Step
TYPES OF PGT
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) encompasses several types of genetic screening methods used during the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process to assess embryos for specific genetic abnormalities or chromosomal disorders.
Doctor Consultation
Doctor understand your concern, your history related to conceiving, medical history etc. and recommends a few tests.
Infertility Tests
Blood tests
Male fertility testing, including semen analysis
Ultrasound Scan
Infectious disease screening
Uterine evaluation
Treatment Plan
After looking at the test results, Doctor will pick the right treatment for you and discuss important steps of treatment. In house counsellor will take you through the treatment cost structure.
PGT-A (Aneuploidy Screening)
PGT-A screens embryos for aneuploidies, which are abnormal numbers of chromosomes. Aneuploidies can lead to conditions such as Down syndrome and are a common cause of implantation failure, miscarriage, and chromosomal disorders.
PGT-M (Monogenic Disorder Screening)
PGT-M is used to detect specific genetic mutations or monogenic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, or Huntington's disease. It allows couples at risk of passing on inherited genetic conditions to select embryos that are unaffected.
PGT-SR (Structural Rearrangement Screening)
GT-SR is used for couples with structural chromosomal rearrangements, such as translocations or inversions, which can increase the risk of miscarriage or chromosomal abnormalities in offspring. PGT-SR helps identify embryos with balanced chromosomal
PGT WITH EVARA FERTILITY
PGT is a highly specialised creening and treatment process, where precision of treatment is as critical as availability of state- of- the- art equipments to ensure success.
World- Class Lab setup
With a world- class laboratory, equipped with K-system equipped embryology lab, Sperm culture, blastocyst culture we provide higher chances of success
Best Infertility Specialist
With experience of 5000+ successful IVF cycles, we have leading infertility specialists of India
Experienced Embryologists
Our embryologists are trained and skilled in performing highly precise handling of embryos
Trusted and Registered Donor Network
Based on results of the treatment, we have in- house capabilities for any requirements of further treatments
PROCEDURE OF PGT
Ovarian Stimulation and Egg Retrieval
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The PGT process begins with ovarian stimulation, where the woman undergoes hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
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During ovarian stimulation, the woman's response is monitored closely through ultrasound scans and hormonal blood tests.
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Once the eggs reach optimal maturity, a trigger shot of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is administered to induce final egg maturation.
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Approximately 36 hours later, the eggs are retrieved from the woman's ovaries using a minimally invasive surgical procedure called transvaginal ultrasound-guided egg retrieval.
Fertilization and Embryo Culture
The retrieved eggs are then fertilized with sperm in the laboratory using either conventional insemination (mixing sperm and eggs together) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), where a single sperm is injected into each mature egg.
After fertilization, the embryos are cultured in a laboratory incubator under carefully controlled conditions for several days (typically 5-6 days) until they reach the blastocyst stage.
Embryo Biopsy
Once the embryos reach the blastocyst stage, a small number of cells (usually 5-10 cells) are biopsied from each embryo for genetic analysis.
The biopsy can be performed either by removing a few cells from the trophectoderm (outer cell layer) of the blastocyst or by performing a blastomere biopsy at the cleavage stage (day 3 after fertilization).
The biopsied cells are carefully removed from the embryo using specialized micromanipulation techniques, such as laser-assisted biopsy or mechanical aspiration.
Genetic Analysis
The biopsied cells are then analyzed in a specialized genetics laboratory using techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), or next-generation sequencing (NGS).
PGT-A analyzes the chromosomal content of embryos to identify aneuploidies (abnormal numbers of chromosomes).
PGT-M detects specific genetic mutations or monogenic disorders within embryos.
PGT-SR identifies chromosomal rearrangements, such as translocations or inversions, in embryos.
Embryo Transfer
Based on the results of PGT, genetically normal embryos are selected for transfer to the woman's uterus.
The selected embryos are transferred into the woman's uterus using a thin catheter inserted through the cervix, typically on day 5 or 6 after fertilization.
Any remaining viable embryos may be cryopreserved (frozen) for future use.
Pregnancy Testing and Follow-Up
Approximately 10-14 days after embryo transfer, the woman undergoes a blood test to measure the levels of beta-hCG (pregnancy hormone) to determine if pregnancy has occurred.
If the pregnancy test is positive, ongoing monitoring and follow-up with a fertility specialist or obstetrician are conducted to monitor the progress of the pregnancy
World- Class Lab setup
With a world- class laboratory, equipped with K-system equipped embryology lab, Sperm culture, blastocyst culture we provide higher chances of success
Best Infertility Specialist
With experience of 5000+ successful IVF cycles, we have leading infertility specialists of India
Experienced Embryologists
Our embryologists are trained and skilled in performing highly precise handling of embryos
Trusted and Registered Donor Network
Based on results of the treatment, we have in- house capabilities for any requirements of further treatments
PGT WITH EVARA FERTILITY
PGT is a highly specialised creening and treatment process, where precision of treatment is as critical as availability of state- of- the- art equipments to ensure success.
World- Class Lab setup
With a world- class laboratory, equipped with K-system equipped embryology lab, Sperm culture, blastocyst culture we provide higher chances of success
Best Infertility Specialist
With experience of 5000+ successful IUI cycles, we have leading infertility specialists of India
Experienced Embryologists
Our embryologists are trained and skilled in performing highly precise handling of embryos
Trusted and Registered Donor Network
Based on results of the treatment, we have in- house capabilities for any requirements of further treatments
SHOULD YOU GO FOR PGT ?
If you have a known genetic disroder or there is a genetic disorder in the family history, and you are undergoing IVF treatment, it is highly recommended that you add this vial step in the treatment. This will prevent you or your partner from passing on the genetic disorder to your offspring.
In case of some infertility issues where quality of the egg or sperm is compromised, PGT is recommended to increase chances of fertility treatment.
Donor treatment involves the use of donated sperm, eggs, or embryos to facilitate pregnancy in individuals or couples who are unable to conceive with their own gametes (sperm or eggs).
Donor treatment may be recommended for individuals or couples facing infertility due to factors such as low sperm count, poor egg quality, genetic conditions, or absence of gametes (e.g., single individuals or same-sex couples).
The main types of donor treatment include:
Donor sperm insemination (intrauterine insemination or IUI)
Donor egg IVF (in vitro fertilization)
Donor embryo transfer
Donor sperm insemination involves the insertion of donor sperm into the female partner's uterus during ovulation. This can be done through intrauterine insemination (IUI), which places washed donor sperm directly into the uterus to increase the chances of fertilization.
Donor egg IVF involves using eggs donated by another woman (the egg donor) in conjunction with IVF procedures. The donated eggs are fertilized with the partner's or donor sperm in the laboratory, and the resulting embryos are transferred into the recipient's uterus.
Donor embryo transfer involves the transfer of embryos donated by another couple (the embryo donors) into the uterus of the recipient. The embryos are typically created through IVF using the gametes of the embryo donors.
Donor treatment raises various legal and ethical considerations, including consent of the donors and recipients, confidentiality, disclosure to offspring about their donor origins, and regulations regarding gamete and embryo donation.
Donors undergo thorough medical, genetic, and psychological screening to ensure they meet specific criteria for donation. Screening typically includes physical exams, medical history assessments, infectious disease testing, genetic screening, and counseling.
Success rates of donor treatment can vary depending on factors such as the age and health of the recipient, the quality of the donated gametes or embryos, and the expertise of the fertility clinic. Overall, donor treatment can offer high success rates for achieving pregnancy.
Individuals interested in donor treatment should schedule a consultation with a fertility specialist or reproductive endocrinologist. During the consultation, the specialist can provide personalized information, answer questions, and discuss the most suitable donor treatment options based on the individual's circumstances and preferences.
FAQ’s
Preimplantation Genetic
Testing (PGT)
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a cutting-edge reproductive technology used during the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process to assess embryos for genetic abnormalities before they are transferred to the uterus.
PGT enables the selection of embryos that are free from specific genetic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, or aneuploidies, increasing the likelihood of a successful pregnancy and reducing the risk of genetic diseases in offspring.